Treaty

Agreement governing the activities of States on the moon and other celestial bodies

PartiesParties with a link have a reservation.

Party Signature RatificationS=Signature without reservation or requirement of ratification R=Ratification, Acceptance, Approval or Notification A=Accession Su=Succession NK=Not Known Entry into force Renunciation Termination
Armenia 19-01-2018 (A) 18-02-2018
Australia 07-07-1986 (A) 06-08-1986
Austria 21-05-1980 11-06-1984 (R) 11-07-1984
Belgium 29-06-2004 (A) 29-07-2004
Chile 03-01-1980 12-11-1981 (R) 11-07-1984
Colombia 21-03-2024 (R) 21-03-2024
France 29-01-1980
Guatemala 20-11-1980
India 18-01-1982
Kazakhstan 11-01-2001 (A) 10-02-2001
Kuwait 28-04-2014 (A) 28-05-2014
Lebanon 12-04-2006 (A) 12-05-2006
Mexico 11-10-1991 (A) 10-11-1991
Morocco 25-07-1980 21-01-1993 (R) 20-02-1993
Netherlands, the Kingdom of the 27-01-1981 17-02-1983 (R) 11-07-1984
Pakistan 27-02-1986 (A) 29-03-1986
Peru 23-06-1981 23-11-2005 (R) 23-12-2005
Philippines 23-04-1980 26-05-1981 (R) 11-07-1984
Romania 17-04-1980
Saudi Arabia 18-07-2012 (A) 17-08-2012 05-01-2023 05-01-2024
Türkiye 29-02-2012 (A) 30-03-2012
Uruguay 01-06-1981 09-11-1981 (R) 11-07-1984
Venezuela 03-11-2016 (A) 03-12-2016

Parties with reservations, declarations and objections

Party Reservations / Declarations Objections
Colombia Yes No
France Yes No

Colombia

21-03-2024

The Colombian State reaffirms, pursuant to Articles 101 and 102 of the Constitution, that the segment of the geostationary orbit corresponding to Colombia is part of Colombia and states its understanding that no portion of this Treaty contradicts the rights claimed by the Colombian State, and that the Treaty shall, likewise, not be interpreted in violation of these rights.

France

29-01-1980

France is of the view that the provisions of article 3, paragraph 2, of the Agreement relating to the use or threat of force cannot be construed as anything other than a reaffirmation, for the purposes of the field of endeavour covered by the Agreement, of the principle of the prohibition of the threat or use of force, which States are obliged to observe in their international relations, as set forth in the United Nations Charter.

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